Справка is a paper, confirming facts, - a certificate, a document. While Russia is a quite (very) bureaucratic place, cправка is what you need in a range of situations. For exmaple, to get the driver's license you need a справка about your health condition, а medical one - медицинская справка.
ГИБДД - (pronounced is гибэдэдэ) is a traffic safety police, a structure, where you can get a driver's license. The old name of this police is ГАИ, which is still widely used in talking. As you can guess гаишник is a person, working in ГАИ - a popular character of jokes and complaints thanks to his famed corruption.
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